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A will apparently executed in 2012 by John Payne, leaving most of his estate to his son by his first marriage, has been overturned on the grounds that the attesting witnesses' evidence was unreliable. The England and Wales Court of Appeal instead admitted to probate an earlier will leaving everything to Payne's second wife, despite significant doubts about that will's execution and attestation, too. FATTO

FATTO

ESTATE DISPUTES: Some important judgments from last month

Currency repatriation requirements were extended on 14 April to cover loans issued by Russian residents to foreign borrowers, reducing the opportunities for businesses to shift funds abroad through non-repayable loans.

NETHERLANDS: Measures against 'letterbox companies' seek to improve country's reputation

INTERNATIONAL - UK: Foreign investors may be discouraged by capital gains tax on commercial property

The Japanese government's 2018 tax reform bill abolishes the recently introduced rule under which the heirs of a long-term resident foreigner who died outside Japan remain liable to Japanese inheritance tax (IHT) on estate assets anywhere in the world. The rule had threatened to derail the government's efforts to attract foreign talent to live and work in Japan, because it meant IHT liability could follow a foreign national for up to five years after leaving the country.

INTERNATIONAL - ISRAEL: Tax authority launches new voluntary disclosure programme

IMPOSTA DI SUCCESSIONE E DONAZIONE - SPAIN: Andalusia increases inheritance tax exemption

COMPRAVENDITA - NEW ZEALAND: Government tightens ban on foreigners' land purchases

GERMANY: Expat businessman challenges exit tax for move to Switzerland

IMPOSTA DI REGISTRO - Pegno su quota di Srl

INTERNATIONAL - UK, TRUSTS: online trusts register is delayed

INTERNATIONAL - UK TRUSTS: Law implementing registers of trusts in force on 26 June 2017

INTERNATIONAL - EU: Court of Justice rules on dynamic IP addresses

INTERNATIONAL - UK: Information Commissioner warns of privacy threat from public registers of trusts

INTERNATIONAL - UK: Doubts cast on non-dom reforms' commencement date

INTERNATIONAL - Cayman Islands: Beneficial ownership regime ready for launch

SUCCESSIONI - Dettatura del testamento da parte del testatore

A sale or purchase proposal is a document the parties may sign before the conveyance proper. It consists, alternatively, of a manifestation of the owner's willingness to sell to a probable purchaser or a manifestation of a possible purchaser's willingness to buy from the owner: in both cases by acceptance of the proposal, believe it or not, the contract of sale is concluded and becomes binding for both parties. Furthermore, the purchase or sale proposal is usually irrevocable: the signato

It often happens that, after a prospective property has been inspected and chosen, substantial agreement is reached with the other party even if this is not yet formalized in written form. It is advisable to contact a notary at this early stage before signing the preliminary contract (the so-called “compromesso”). In the preliminary contract, both signatories undertake to stipulate the definitive sale contract by a certain date and on given conditions. The preliminary agreement (even i

Il arrive fréquemment que, après avoir vu et choisi le bien immobilier à acheter, on se mette d’accord en grandes lignes avec la contrepartie, même si rien n’a encore été formalisé noir sur blanc. Il convient alors absolument dès ce moment de s’adresser au notaire, même avant la signature de l’avant-contrat d’achat/vente (qu’on appelle compromis). En effet, par l’avant-contrat les deux parties s’engagent à conclure avant une certaine date et à des conditions précises le contrat définit

Accade di frequente che, visionato e scelto l’immobile da acquistare si arrivi ad un sostanziale accordo con la controparte, seppur non ancora formalizzato per iscritto.E' consigliabile allora, sin da questo momento, rivolgersi al notaio ancora prima della firma del contratto preliminare di compravendita (il cosiddetto compromesso).Con il contratto preliminare,infatti, entrambi i contraenti si obbligano a stipulare, entro una certa data ed a date condizioni, il contratto definitivo di

The following are examples of what needs to be included in a proposal for sale or purchase and in a preliminary contract: - the precise description of the asset or assets; - the exact identification of the owner or owners and of the purchaser or purchasers; - the obligations of the vendor and of the purchaser; - the price of the sale and method of payment; - the conditions of the conveyance and relevant guarantees; - documentation of the history of the asset or assets; -

Vous trouverez ici à titre d’exemple les points obligatoires à inclure dans une proposition de vente ou d’achat et dans un avant-contrat de mutation onéreuse: - la description précise du bien ou des biens;- l’identification exacte du propriétaire ou des propriétaires et de l’acquéreur ou des acquéreurs;- les obligations du vendeur et de l’acheteur;- le prix de la vente et les modalités de paiement;- les conditions de la transaction et les garanties qui l’accompagnent;- les documents indiq

Notaries have as their essential mission to confer authenticity on the legal instruments and contracts they establish for their clients in various areas of law

SOCIETA' - Società quotate - Record date

SOCIETA' - Società quotate - Record date

SOCIETA' - Società quotate - Record date

I piani di azionariato diffuso costituiscono una forma di retribuzione ed incentivazione dei dipendenti di una società. Attraverso i piani di azionariato diffuso i dipendenti acquistano il diritto - facoltà di sottoscrivere, gratuitamente o a titolo oneroso, le azioni della società stessa. I requisiti per l’esercizio del diritto di opzione sono: un prezzo determinato (c.d. exercise price), una certa data (expiration date) o scadenze prestabilite (exercise date). Prima della scadenza, il diritto

Un piano di stock options realizza una forma di rimunerazione ed incentivazione dei dipendenti di una società. Attraverso un piano di stock options i dipendenti della società in cui lavorano acquistano il diritto/facoltà di sottoscrivere, a titolo gratuito od oneroso, le azioni della società stessa. I requisiti per l’esercizio del diritto di opzione sono: un prezzo determinato (c.d. exercise price), una data certa (expiration date) o scadenze prestabilite (exercise date). Prima della scadenza, i

Le 14 novembre 2002, le Consiglio Nazionale del Notariato, l’Agence pour le Territoire et l’Association Nationale des Communes Italiennes (ANCI) ont signé un protocole d’entente pour promouvoir l’exemption de l’obligation de déclaration ICI, tant pour le vendeur que pour l’acheteur, dans tous les cas où l’acte notarié, dont dépend le transfert immobilier, est enregistré par la voie télématique. On a ensuite entrepris une phase d’expérimentations avec plusieurs Communes, qui ont fixé, en é

La réglementation transitoire, qui trouvera application en attendant que la réglementation normative soit promulguée, est régie par l’article 11, alinéa 1-bis du décret législatif 192/2005, en vigueur depuis le 2 février 2007, après introduction par le décret législatif 311/2006; cette norme dit que, tant qu’on n’aura pas promulgué les normes réglementaires qui permettront de rédiger le certificat de performance énergétique des bâtiments, celui-ci sera remplacé à tous les effets (et donc aus

L'atto notarile è un documento pubblico, e pertanto deve essere redatto, ex art. 2699 c.c., «con le richieste formalità». Il capo primo del titolo terzo della L.N. disciplina con estrema precisione e rigore la forma ed il contenuto dell'atto notarile, e l'attività che il notaio deve porre in essere ai fini della redazione dello stesso.In particolare, l'art. 51 L.N., dopo avere prescritto l'intestazione ""REPUBBLICA ITALIANA"", stabilisce che l'atto notaril

Mention must be made of the distinction between real rates and nominal rates. The nominal rate is the percentage of interest that formally appears in the contract and which regulates the home loan operation. In reality, however, the effective cost of the loan is inevitably conditioned by a whole series of other factors: first of all, by various expense items  (survey, review and closure expenses; collection or encashment expenses; third-party agency costs; tax and insurance expenses; othe

The rate of interest is usually set in percentage terms; it may be fixed, which means it is the same for the whole duration of the loan, or variable, which means it is determined with reference to changing parameters that are set by objective, impartial criteria. For example, Euribor is an average quotation for variable rates calculated using objective criteria in the EU financial markets; while I.R.S. (interest instalments swap) is the financial reference parameter for establishing the cost

Following marriage, unless an explicit declaration to the contrary is made at the time of the ceremony, spouses find themselves in a shared property arrangement, this being the automatic legal regime in force in our system since 20/9/1975. This means that any purchase made by a spouse during the marriage is subject to legal community (or, simply put, is common property) with the other. The law excludes (to take a few of the more important cases) only assets acquired by donation or inherit

La législation réglementant cette situation est extrêmement complexe, et peut être résumée en gros en se référant à un profil subjectif et un profil objectif. Du premier point de vue, il convient de souligner qu’il y a principalement deux types d’impôts attachés à la transaction immobilière: le droit d’enregistrement (et les droits hypothécaires et cadastraux relatifs) et la TVA. Que l’un ou l’autre de ces droits soit exigé dépend principalement, mais pas exclusivement de la qualificat

Il doit s’agir de cessions sujettes à l’impôt de registre (à l’exclusion, donc, des cessions qui prévoient la TVA) à des personnes physiques n’agissant pas dans l’exercice d’activités commerciales, artistiques ou professionnelles. Sont donc également concernées par le prix-valeur les cessions effectuées par des sociétés, des entreprises ou des organismes, à condition qu’elles soient faites à des "personnes physiques" et que l’impôt de registre (et non à la TVA) trouve application. En d’autres te

The sale contract includes the personal data of both the vendor and the purchaser, including their fiscal codes, the description of the property to be transferred with an indication of its location, its nature and its boundaries, as well as its identification at the land titles office and a number of obligatory pieces of information regarding town planning and building regulations. The vendor must declare whether the property was built before 1 September 1967; if the building took place a

Dans un contrat de transaction immobilière figurent les informations d’état civil du vendeur aussi bien que de l’acquéreur, y compris leur numéro d’identification fiscale, la description du bien objet de la mutation, avec l’indication de son emplacement, de sa nature et de ses confins, de même que sa désignation cadastrale et quelques informations obligatoires concernant l’urbanisme et la construction. Sous ce point, le vendeur doit déclarer si le bien immobilier en question a été constru

It is important to understand what the types of buildings are to which the duties and guarantees examined below apply.  Under this law “buildings to be built” are those for which the building permit or other authorization to build was applied for after the entry into force of the law (21 July 2005), and which are not yet finished, and hence “the fit for use” (agibilità) statement has not been issued (article 1, paragraph 1, letter d). This means that on the one hand the law does not apply to

Il est dès lors important de comprendre pour quels types de biens immobiliers les obligations et les garanties que nous nous apprêtons à examiner s’activent. Au sens de la loi, "les immeubles à construire" sont ceux pour lesquels le permis de construire ou un autre titre habilitant à la construction a été demandé après la date d’entrée en vigueur de la loi (le 21 juillet 2005) et dont la construction n’est pas encore terminée, qui se trouvent dans un état tel qu’il n’est pas encore possible

First of all, the purchaser has the right to have the vendor consign the property at the time of the notarised conveyance, upon payment of the purchase price, in its known state, with any agreed accessories, free of persons and things. It is legitimate for the purchaser to request consignment of the asset before the definitive transfer: however it is not his right to insist upon it, it being left to the d

In order to grant a home loan, the bank requires a guarantee: by definition, the most common of these is the mortgage. A mortgage gives the bank the right to be repaid from the proceeds of any forced sale of the asset offered as collateral, with priority over other creditors. A mortgage has better legal standing if it is a first mortgage, i.e. if there are no higher-priority mortgages: a "land credit" guarantee generally requires a first mortgage. A mortgage is established over the

Pour accorder un prêt, la banque demande une sûreté : la garantie la plus fréquente est par antonomase l’hypothèque.L’hypothèque attribue à la banque le droit de se satisfaire sur le produit d’une éventuelle vente forcée du bien donné comme sûreté, en position prioritaire par rapport à d’autres créanciers. L’hypothèque a une plus grande efficacité si elle est de premier rang, c.à.d. si elle n’est pas précédée par d’autres hypothèques: fondamentalement, une hypothèque prise en garantie d’u

As has been seen above, in order to determine the type of tax and the amount and means of payment of the sums due for duties on the purchase of a so-called primary residence, one must first of all take into account the nature of the vendor. When the vendor is the company that built (or renovated) the property and four years have not elapsed since completion, the conveyance is subject to VAT that the purchaser must pay directly to the company and not to the notary, along with the payment o

In the first place, the vendor is obliged to consign to the purchaser the property sold in the state in which it is with vacant possession, free of persons and things, at the time the contract of sale is notarised, i.e. at the same time as the balance of the price is paid. The vendor has the option, however, of allowing the future purchaser to occupy the property even before the actual change of ownership, it being understood that because he is still the owner of the asset he remains resp

La première obligation du vendeur est l’obligation de livrer à l’acheteur le bien immobilier dans l’état où il se trouve, libre de personnes et de choses, au moment du contrat de vente devant notaire, donc simultanément au paiement du solde du prix. Il a cependant le possibilité d’autoriser le futur acquéreur à prendre possession des lieux même avant le transfert de propriété proprement dit, étant entendu que, puisqu’il est encore propriétaire du bien, il en est toujours responsable en ta

A joint-stock company must be set up through a public deed which must clearly indicate who the parties to the contract are. Such parties may be individuals but also legal entities (as for instance other joint-stock companies, partnerships, cooperatives or other bodies).The Memorandum of Association must indicate the Municipality in which the company has its registered office, which is where it operates, and the name of the company which must contain the wording “"società per azioni" or "s.p.

With the provisions that entered into force as of 1 January 2004, the dissolution of companies with share capital is governed by new rules.A company may be dissolved because: its term of duration has expired,  the corporate aims have been achieved or circumstances have set in that make it impossible to achieve them, the shareholders’ meeting cannot or will not function, the share capital has dropped to values below the minimum legal requirements (but the company may decide to reconstitute th

Informal partnerships are the most elementary form of enterprise.The fundamental characteristic of an informal partnership is that the scope of its activities is limited to non-commercial profit-making economic activities.The scope of an informal partnership may therefore include:- agricultural activities, with certain limitations because:   the purpose of the enterprise cannot be merely that of using assets, but must consist in the joint operation of a business activity;  taci

COMPRAVENDITA - Certificazione energetica - Compravendita immobiliare (2)

COMPRAVENDITA - Certificazione energetica

Se la legge fiscale da un lato agevola l’abitazione principale, d’altro lato penalizza le unità immobiliari che il contribuente tiene “a sua disposizione” (un appartamento sfitto in città, una casa di villeggiatura, eccetera): in tal caso, infatti, la rendita catastale, rivalutata del 5 per cento, va maggiorata di un terzo. Più precisamente, per unità immobiliari a disposizione si intendono le unità immobiliari adibite ad abitazione e possedute in aggiunta a quella utilizzata come abitazione

The individual partnership may be resolved following the exclusion of a partner from the company.In some cases this occurs by law (e.g. in cases of bankruptcy), while in other cases the exclusion is decided by the other partners, when circumstances envisaged by the law or by the  partnership contract occur. Your Notary public will describe such cases to you.In all the cases examined thus far in which the relationship of a single partner ends as a result of death, withdrawal or exclusion, the

Duration is not an essential element for the establishment of partnerships. The parties may also expressly agree on indefinite duration.When a date of termination is envisaged, then on that date the company can be dissolved.The termination date may be modified or eliminated by the partners via:- express extension. In this case all the partners expressly decide on a new date of termination or on continuing the company’s life indefinitely;- tacit extension. If, after the date of termination th

COMPRAVENDITA - condono edilizio - termini